IMPACT CRATER/STRUCTURE GLOSSARY

by: Charles O’Dale

1. IMPACT CRATER GLOSSARY
2. REFERENCE

1. IMPACT CRATER GLOSSARY

A

ACCRETIONARY LAPILLI
ACOUSTIC FLUIDIZATION
ALLOCHTHONOUS
ASTEROID
AUTOCHTHONOUS 

B

BALDWIN’S CURVE
BALLEN STRUCTURE
BALLISTIC EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION
BASALT
BEDROCK
BIOTITE
BOLIDE
BRECCIA – from Italian indicating both loose gravel and stone made by cemented gravel
BRECCIA DYKE
BUNTE BRECCIA

C

CAI
CALCITE
CALDERA
CATACLASITE
CENTRAL UPLIFT
CLAST
COESITE
COMET
COMMINUTION
COMPLEX IMPACT STRUCTURE/CRATER (CENTRAL PEAK CRATER)
CONTACT AND COMPRESSION STAGE
CRATER  (ASTROBLEME)
CRATER DATING
CRATER FORMATION
CRATER IDENTIFICATION
CRATER SIZE vs PLANET/MOON
CRATER SIZE vs SIZE OF METEOROID
CRATER TRANSIENT
CRATON
CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY/CRETACEOUS-PALEOGENE (K–Pg) BOUNDARY
CRYPTOVOLCANIC STRUCTURE

D

DATING
DATING GLOSSARY(from “The Nature Education“)
DEFORMATION TWINNING
DIAMOND
DIAPLECTIC CRYSTAL
DIAPLECTIC GLASS

E

EJECTA
ELASTIC REBOUND
EUCRITE
EXCAVATION STAGE
EXTINCTION vs IMPACT

F

FELSIC (feldspar and silicon)
FERRIC
FERROUS
FRACTURED ROCK
FULLERENES

G

GEOLOGY
GEOMORPHOLOGY
GEOLOGICAL DATING
GEOPHYSICS
GPa
GRADY-KIPP FRAGMENTS
GRANOPHYRE
GRAVIMETRY – Gravity GRIES (= gravel, grit)
GRIES (= gravel, grit),
GRIT BRECCIATION

H

HIGH PRESSURE MINERALS:
HUGONIOT EQUATIONS
HYDROTHERMAL
HYPERVELOCITY

I

IMPACT BRECCIA
IMPACT CRATER CHAIN
IMPACT MELT BRECCIA
IMPACT MELT ROCK
IMPACT METAMORPHISM
IMPACT RATE (on earth)
IMPACT SPALLATION
IMPACT STRUCTURE
IMPACTITE
IMPACTOR
INTERFERENCE ZONE
IRON
ISOCHRON – DATING

J

JETTING

K

Kbar
KINETIC ENERGY
KINK BAND
KREEP
KUIPER BELT
K/T boundary

L

LECHATELIERITE
LITHIC (impact) breccia
LITHOLOGY

M

MAFIC (magnesium and ferric)
MAGNESIOFERRITE, MgFe₂O₄ 
MAGNETIC ANOMALIES
MAJORITE, Mg₃(MgSi)(SiO₄)₃ 
MASKELYNITE
METAMORPHIC ROCK
METEOR
METEORITE
METEORITE: Organic
METEORITE CRATER
METEOROID (smaller than ASTEROIDS)
MICAS
MODIFICATION STAGE
MONOMICTIC
MOSAICISM
MULTIPLE IMPACT
MULTI-RING IMPACT CRATER/STRUCTURE

N-O

NAPPE
OORT CLOUD
OVERTURNED STRATA (“overturned flap”)
OXYGENATION EVENT

P

PDFs
PARAUTOCHTHONOUS
PEAK RING IMPACT CRATER/STRUCTURE
PETROGRAPHY
PLANETESIMALS
PLANAR DEFORMATION FEATURES – PDF
PLANAR FEATURES – PF
PLATINUM GROUP ELEMENTS (PGE)
POLYMICTIC
POLYMORPH
PRESSURE-TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS for SHOCK METAMORPHISM
PSEUDOTACHYLITE (friction melt)

Q-R

QUARTZ
RADIOMETRIC DATING
RAREFACTION WAVE
REE
REFRACTORY
REIDITE (METAMORPHIC ZIRCON), ZrSiO₄ 
RINGWOODITE, Mg₂SiO₄
RUBINITE, Ca₃Ti³⁺₂Si₃O₁₂

S

SEDIMENTARY ROCK
SELENITE, CaSO⁴.H²O (hydrothermal)
SHATTER CONE
SHOCK COMPRESSION
SHOCK FRONT
SHOCK METAMORPHISM:  PRESSURE-TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS
SHOCK PRESSURES
SHOCKED GNEISS
SHOCKED TARGET ROCK
SHOCK WAVE
SIDEROPHILE ELEMENTS
SIMPLE IMPACT CRATER/STRUCTURE
SLICKENSIDE
STISHOVITE, SiO₂ (IMPACT)
SUEVITE (IMPACT)

T-U-V

TAGAMITE
TARGET ROCKS
TEKTITE
TEPHRA/PYROCLASTIC TERMINOLOGY
TIMELINE (on earth)
VOLATILE

W-X-Y-Z

WADSLEYITE, β-Mg₂SiO₄ 
ZIRCON

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2. REFERENCE

Baratoux D., Reimold W.; The current state of knowledge about shatter cones – Meteoritics & Planetary Science, August 2016.

Gareth S. Collins, Gordon R. Osinski, Jay Melosh; The Impact-Cratering Process, Elements · February 2012

Greeley, R. 2011, Planetary Geomorphology, Cambridge.

Richard A. F. GRIEVE* and Ann M. THERRIAULT; Observations at terrestrial impact structures: Their utility in constraining crater formation, Meteoritics & Planetary Science 2003

Richard A. F. GRIEVE and Ann M. THERRIAULT; Observations at terrestrial impact structures: Their utility in constraining crater formation, Meteoritics & Planetary Science 39, Nr 2, 199–216 (2004)

Grieve, R.A.F. 2006, Impact Structures in Canada, Geological Association of Canada.

Morrison, D. 2007 The Impact Hazard: Advanced NEO Surveys and Societal Responses, Comet/Asteroid Impacts and Human Society 2007, pp 163-173

Wood, C.A. 2003, The Modern Moon, Sky Publishing